March 2007 U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes

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- MARCH 2007 -

The U.S. Import Price Index rose 1.7 percent in March, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The increase followed a 0.1 percent rise in February and was led by an increase in petroleum prices. The price index for exports increased for the fifth consecutive month, advancing 0.7 percent in March.

Import Goods

The 1.7 percent rise in March was the largest increase since May 2006. The price index for petroleum increased 9.0 percent in March following a 0.6 percent rise in February, and was the largest one-month jump since April 2006. The two consecutive advances in petroleum prices followed declines in four of the previous five months. Petroleum prices increased 2.4 percent over the past year. Nonpetroleum prices increased 0.3 percent in March, following a modest 0.1 percent advance in February. The price index for nonpetroleum imports increased 2.9 percent over the past 12 months while overall import prices advanced 2.8 percent for the same period.

The March increase in nonpetroleum prices was led by a 1.3 percent advance in prices for nonpetroleum industrial supplies and materials. The increase in nonpetroleum industrial supplies and materials was driven by higher metals and natural gas prices. The price index for unfinished metals increased 2.4 percent in March and 25.3 percent over the past 12 months.

Increases in the price indexes for consumer goods and automotive vehicles also contributed to the March rise in nonpetroleum prices, advancing 0.2 percent and 0.1 percent, respectively. For the year ended in March, consumer goods prices increased 1.8 percent and automotive vehicles prices rose 1.1 percent.

In contrast, capital goods prices and prices for foods, feeds, and beverages decreased in March. The price index for capital goods ticked down 0.1 percent after falling 0.2 percent in February. Foods, feeds, and beverages prices fell 0.1 percent, the first decline since June 2006. Lower vegetables prices were primarily responsible for the decrease.

Export Goods

Export prices rose 0.7 percent for the second consecutive month, as both agricultural prices and nonagricultural prices contributed to the advance. Agricultural prices increased 2.1 percent for the month and 20.2 percent over the past year. Higher corn, vegetables, meat, and wheat prices all contributed to the increase. Nonagricultural prices rose 0.6 percent for the month and 4.2 percent for the year ended in March. Overall export prices rose 5.3 percent for the March 2006-2007 period, the largest 12-month increase since September 1995.

A 1.9 percent increase in nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices was the largest contributor to the rise in nonagricultural prices. The advance followed a 2.0 percent increase in February and was driven by higher prices for metals, fuels, and chemicals. Over the past 12 months, the index rose 11.0 percent.

Prices for each of the major finished goods areas recorded little movement for the second consecutive month. Automotive vehicles prices increased a modest 0.1 percent for the second consecutive month. Prices for capital goods and consumer goods were unchanged in March after both indexes fell 0.1 percent in February. For the year ended in March, consumer goods prices increased 2.4 percent, automotive vehicles prices increased 1.4 percent, and capital goods prices increased 0.8 percent.

Imports by Locality of Origin

Prices of imports from China and from Japan increased 0.2 percent and 0.1 percent, respectively, in March. The increase was the largest for China since a similar change in October 2005. However, import prices from China fell 0.6 percent over the past year, while the price index of imports from Japan declined 0.7 percent for the March 2006-2007 period.

Import prices from Canada, Mexico, and the European Union all rose in March, as higher petroleum prices contributed to the increases. The price index for imports from Canada increased 1.6 percent for the month after rising 0.8 percent in February and increased 4.1 percent for the year ended in March. Prices for imports from Mexico and from the European Union increased 1.4 percent and 0.4 percent, respectively. Import prices from Mexico advanced 4.5 percent over the past 12 months, while import prices from the European Union rose 3.0 percent for the same period.

Import and Export Services

Import air passenger fares edged up 0.1 percent in March after recording no change the previous month. Export air passenger fares rose 0.8 percent in March. Both indexes advanced over the past year; import air passenger fares 7.0 percent and export air passenger fares 7.2 percent.

Import air freight prices declined 0.1 percent in March, while export air freight prices were unchanged. Over the past 12 months, import air freight prices rose 0.8 percent and export air freight rose 3.0 percent.

Export travel and tourism prices, which are lagged one month, increased 2.4 percent in February, following a 0.4 percent increase in January. The indexes are published by the country of residence of those traveling to the United States.